HOME SUBSCRIPTIONS CURRENT ISSUE PAST ISSUES CARDIOSOURCE SEARCH HELP FEEDBACK		QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced] Author: Keyword(s): Year:  Vol:  Page:

This Article Figures Only Full Text Full Text (PDF) All Versions of this Article: j.jacc.2006.06.057v1 48/8/1666    most recent Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Cortés, B. Articles by Ros, E. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Cortés, B. Articles by Ros, E.

CLINICAL RESEARCH: DIET AND ENDOTHELIAL FUNCTION

Acute Effects of High-Fat Meals Enriched With Walnuts or Olive Oil on Postprandial Endothelial Function

Berenice Cortés, BS^_*,, Isabel Núñez, MD, Montserrat Cofán, PhD, Rosa Gilabert, MD, PhD, Ana Pérez-Heras, RD, Elena Casals, MD, PhD, Ramón Deulofeu, PhD and Emilio Ros, MD, PhD^,_*

^_* Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
Secció d'Ecografia, Centre de Diagnòstic per l'Imatge
Unitat de Lípids, Institut Clínic de Malalties Digestives i Metabòliques
Centre de Diagnòstic Biològic, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain

Manuscript received March 22, 2006; revised manuscript received May 31, 2006, accepted June 6, 2006.

^_* Reprint requests and correspondence: Dr. Emilio Ros, Unitat de Lípids, Hospital Clínic, Villarroel 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain (Email: eros{at}clinic.ub.es).

OBJECTIVES: We sought to investigate whether the addition of walnuts or olive oil to a fatty meal have differential effects on postprandial vasoactivity, lipoproteins, markers of oxidation and endothelial activation, and plasma asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA).

BACKGROUND: Compared with a Mediterranean diet, a walnut diet has been shown to improve endothelial function in hypercholesterolemic patients. We hypothesized that walnuts would reverse postprandial endothelial dysfunction associated with consumption of a fatty meal.

METHODS: We randomized in a crossover design 12 healthy subjects and 12 patients with hypercholesterolemia to 2 high-fat meal sequences to which 25 g olive oil or 40 g walnuts had been added. Both test meals contained 80 g fat and 35% saturated fatty acids, and consumption of each meal was separated by 1 week. Venipunctures and ultrasound measurements of brachial artery endothelial function were performed after fasting and 4 h after test meals.

RESULTS: In both study groups, flow-mediated dilation (FMD) was worse after the olive oil meal than after the walnut meal (p = 0.006, time-period interaction). Fasting, but not postprandial, triglyceride concentrations correlated inversely with FMD (r = –0.324; p = 0.024). Flow-independent dilation and plasma ADMA concentrations were unchanged, and the concentration of oxidized low-density lipoproteins decreased (p = 0.051) after either meal. The plasma concentrations of soluble inflammatory cytokines and adhesion molecules decreased (p < 0.01) independently of meal type, except for E-selectin, which decreased more (p = 0.033) after the walnut meal.

CONCLUSIONS: Adding walnuts to a high-fat meal acutely improves FMD independently of changes in oxidation, inflammation, or ADMA. Both walnuts and olive oil preserve the protective phenotype of endothelial cells.

Abbreviations and Acronyms   ADMA = asymmetric dimethylarginine   ALA = -linolenic acid   FID = flow-independent dilation   FMD = flow-mediated dilation   MUFA = monounsaturated fatty acids   NO = nitric oxide   PUFA = polyunsaturated fatty acids   sICAM-1 = soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1   SFA = saturated fatty acids   sTNF-R = soluble tumor necrosis factor receptors   sVCAM-1 = soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule 1

This article has been cited by other articles:

				J. C. King, J. Blumberg, L. Ingwersen, M. Jenab, and K. L. Tucker Tree Nuts and Peanuts as Components of a Healthy Diet J. Nutr., September 1, 2008; 138(9): 1736S - 1740S. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				P. M. Kris-Etherton, F. B. Hu, E. Ros, and J. Sabate The Role of Tree Nuts and Peanuts in the Prevention of Coronary Heart Disease: Multiple Potential Mechanisms J. Nutr., September 1, 2008; 138(9): 1746S - 1751S. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				P. A. Davis, M. Jenab, J. P. Vanden Heuvel, T. Furlong, and S. Taylor Tree Nut and Peanut Consumption in Relation to Chronic and Metabolic Diseases Including Allergy J. Nutr., September 1, 2008; 138(9): 1757S - 1762S. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. B Keogh, G. D Brinkworth, M. Noakes, D. P Belobrajdic, J. D Buckley, and P. M Clifton Effects of weight loss from a very-low-carbohydrate diet on endothelial function and markers of cardiovascular disease risk in subjects with abdominal obesity Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, March 1, 2008; 87(3): 567 - 576. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. Shah, B. Adams-Huet, L. Brinkley, S. M. Grundy, and A. Garg Lipid, Glycemic, and Insulin Responses to Meals Rich in Saturated, cis-Monounsaturated, and Polyunsaturated (n-3 and n-6) Fatty Acids in Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes Diabetes Care, December 1, 2007; 30(12): 2993 - 2998. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				P. Dandona, A. Chaudhuri, and P. Mohanty Macronutrients, Advanced Glycation End Products, and Vascular Reactivity Diabetes Care, October 1, 2007; 30(10): 2750 - 2751. [Full Text] [PDF]