CLINICAL RESEARCH: HEART RHYTHM DISORDERS
An Implantable Loop Recorder Study of Highly Symptomatic Vasovagal Patients
The Heart Rhythm Observed During a Spontaneous Syncope Is Identical to the Recurrent Syncope But Not Correlated With the Head-Up Tilt Test or Adenosine Triphosphate Test
Jean-Claude Deharo, MD*,*,
Christophe Jego, MD*,
André Lanteaume, MD and
Pierre Djiane, MD*
* Cardiology
Mathematics and Biostatistics, University Hospital La Timone, Marseille, France
Manuscript received May 18, 2005;
revised manuscript received August 29, 2005,
accepted September 8, 2005.
* Reprint requests and correspondence: Prof. Jean-Claude Deharo, Hôpital La Timone Adultes, Département de Cardiologie, 264, Rue Saint Pierre, 13 385 Marseille Cx 05, France (Email: jean-claude.deharo{at}ap-hm.fr).
OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to analyze the heart rhythm during spontaneous vasovagal syncope (VVS) in highly symptomatic patients with implantable loop recorders (ILR) and to correlate this rhythm with the heart rhythm observed during head-up tilt test (HUT).
BACKGROUND: Heart rhythm obtained during provocative condition is often used to guide therapy in VVS. To date there is no conclusive evidence that the heart rhythm observed during a positive HUT can predict heart rhythm during VVS or that the heart rhythm observed during a spontaneous syncope will be identical to the recurrent syncope.
METHODS: Twenty-five consecutive VVS patients (age 60.2 ± 17.1 years; 14 women,) presenting with frequent syncopes (6.9 ± 4.6 episodes/year) and a positive HUT (cardioinhibitory in 8 patients) were implanted with an ILR. Seven of them also had a positive adenosine triphosphate (ATP) test.
RESULTS: Follow-up was 17.0 ± 3.6 months. Thirty VVS were observed in 12 patients. Nine episodes showed bradycardia of <40 beats/min or asystole; progressive sinus bradycardia preceding sinus arrest was the most frequent electrocardiographic finding. Twenty-one syncopes occurred without severe bradycardia. The heart rhythm observed during the first syncope was identical to the recurrence. No correlation was found between slow heart rate at the ILR interrogation and a cardioinhibitory HUT response (p = 1.0) or a positive ATP test (p = 1.0).
CONCLUSIONS: In highly symptomatic patients with VVS, the heart rhythm observed during spontaneous syncope does not correlate with the HUT. The heart rhythm during the first spontaneous syncope is identical to the recurrent syncope.
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Abbreviations and Acronyms
| | ATP = adenosine triphosphate | | HUT = head-up tilt test | | ILR = implantable loop recorder |
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