EXPEDITED REVIEW
Hypersensitivity Cases Associated With Drug-Eluting Coronary Stents
A Review of Available Cases From the Research on Adverse Drug Events and Reports (RADAR) Project
Jonathan R. Nebeker, MS, MD*,||,*,
Renu Virmani, MD ,
Charles L. Bennett, MD, PhD, MPP,¶,
Jennifer M. Hoffman, PharmD*,||,
Matthew H. Samore, MD*,||,
Jorge Alvarez, MD ,#,
Charles J. Davidson, MD¶,
June M. McKoy, MD, MPH, JD¶,
Dennis W. Raisch, PhD ,**,
Brian K. Whisenant, MD*,||,
Paul R. Yarnold, PhD¶,
Steven M. Belknap, MD¶,
Dennis P. West, PhD¶,
Jonathan E. Gage, MD,
Richard E. Morse, MA,¶,
Gordana Gligoric, MD, PhD,#,
Laura Davidson,¶ and
Marc D. Feldman, MD, FACC,#
* Veterans Administration Salt Lake City, Salt Lake City, Utah
Veterans Administration Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
Veterans Administration San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
Veterans Administration Albuquerque, Albuquerque, New Mexico
|| University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
¶ Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
# University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
** University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico
Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Bethesda, Maryland
Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
Manuscript received May 2, 2005;
revised manuscript received June 6, 2005,
accepted July 6, 2005.
* Reprint requests and correspondence: Dr. Jonathan R. Nebeker, GRECC 182, Salt Lake City, Utah 84148
(Email: Jonathan.Nebeker{at}hsc.utah.edu).
This work has been presented as an abstract at the following scientific meetings: 2004 American Heart Association Scientific Sessions, and 2005 American College of Cardiology Scientific Sessions.
OBJECTIVES: We undertook the review of all available cases of hypersensitivity reactions after placement of a drug-eluting stent (DES) and classified potential causes.
BACKGROUND: Six months after the approval of the first DES, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) reported 50 hypersensitivity reactions after stent placement but later concluded these were due to concomitantly prescribed medications such as clopidogrel. Nevertheless, the FDA continued to receive reports of hypersensitivity.
METHODS: Reports available from April 2003 through December 2004 for hypersensitivity-like reactions associated with the sirolimus-eluting stent (CYPHER, Cordis Corp., Miami Lakes, Florida) and paclitaxel-eluting stent (TAXUS, Boston Scientific Corp., Natick, Massachusetts) were reviewed. Sources of reports included the FDA's adverse-device-event database, the published literature, and investigators from the Research on Adverse Drug/Device events And Reports (RADAR) project. Causality was assessed using standardized World Health Organization criteria.
RESULTS: Of 5,783 reports identified for the DES in the FDA database, 262 unique events included hypersensitivity symptoms. Of these reports, 2 were certainly and 39 unlikely caused by clopidogrel and 1 was certainly, 9 probably, and 13 unlikely caused by the DES. From all sources, we identified 17 distinct cases that were probably or certainly caused by the stent, of which 9 had symptoms that lasted longer than four weeks. Four autopsies confirmed intrastent eosinophilic inflammation, thrombosis, and lack of intimal healing.
CONCLUSIONS: The FDA reports and autopsy findings suggest that DES may be a cause of systemic and intrastent hypersensitivity reactions that, in some cases, have been associated with late thrombosis and death.
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Abbreviations and Acronyms
| | DES = drug-eluting stent | | FDA = Food and Drug Administration | | MAUDE = Manufacturer and User Device Experience | | PES = paclitaxel-eluting stent | | RADAR = Research on Adverse Drug/Device events And Reports | | SES = sirolimus-eluting stent | | WHO = World Health Organization |
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S. R. Dixon, C. L. Grines, and W. W. O'Neill
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R. Jaffe and B. H. Strauss
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A. Colombo and S. J. Corbett
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S. Tsimikas
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A. R. Lucas, R. Korol, and C. J. Pepine
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Hypersensitivity Reactions Linked to Drug-Eluting Stents
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B. Azarbal and J. W. Currier
Allergic Reactions After the Implantation of Drug-Eluting Stents: Is it the Pill or the Polymer?
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