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Figure 1 Schematic and Photographic Representation of the Right and Left Thoracotomy Approach
Schematic and photographic representation of the right (A, C) and left (B, D) atria and associated ganglionated plexi (GP). The labels RA, RSPV, LA, and LSPV indicate cardiac structures or multielectrode catheters positioned on the epicardial surface of the right atrium, right superior pulmonary veins, left atrium, and left superior pulmonary vein, respectively. For all catheters, the distal electrode pair (D,2) was positioned adjacent to the GP (hatched area) near the pulmonary vein–atrial junction. ARGP = anterior right ganglionated plexi; CS = coronary sinus; IRGP = inferior right ganglionated plexi; IVC = inferior vena cava; LAA = left atrial appendage; LIPV = left inferior plumonary vein; LOM = ligament of Marshall; LPA = left pulmonary artery; RAA = right atrial appendage; RIPV = right inferior pulmonary vein; SLGP = superior left ganglionated plexi; SVC = superior vena cava.
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