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Figure 3


Figure 3 SEM Images of Explanted Grafts at 1 and 12 Weeks After Implantation

Untreated artery (UnA) (A and B), with polyelectrode multilayer film (PEM)-treated (C to F) explanted arteries and fresh carotids (G). UnA (Carotid: A; human umbilical artery [HUA]: B) occluded and with pervasive thrombus (A2 and B2) after 1 week of implantation. PEM-treated arteries (Carotid: C and E; HUA: D and F) were patent until 12 weeks (C2 to F2). After 1 week, the internal surface of the treated arteries (C2 and D2) showed no adherent cells and platelets. After 12 weeks, the treated internal artery surfaces (E2 and F2) showed a similar morphology to the native carotid internal surface (G2). Original magnification x400 (A, B, C, D, E, F, G) and x1,000 (A2, B2, C2, D2, E2, F2, G2). SEM = scanning electron microscopy.





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