INSIDE THIS ISSUE OF JACC
Inside This Issue of JACC
 |
State-of-the-Art Paper
|
|---|
The Role of HO-1 in Cardiovascular Disease.
Hemoxygenase-1 (HO-1) is the rate-controlling enzyme for the degradation of heme into iron, carbon monoxide, and biliverdin, which is subsequently converted into bilirubin. This review article provides an overview of the biochemistry, physiology, and pathophysiology of HO-1 as it relates to cardiovascular diseases. Hypothesized effects include anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and angiogenic actions. Some of these actions are attributable to the release of carbon monoxide, which may mimic some of the effects of nitric oxide, and/or bilirubin, which is a natural antioxidant. The physiological induction of HO-1 may be an adaptive response to several noxious stimuli that may be a target for manipulation. See page
971.
|
Myocardial Infarction
|
|---|
Obese Suffer MIs at a Younger Age.
Madala and colleagues hypothesized that obesity would be associated with myocardial infarction (MI) at younger ages. The CRUSADE registry was retrospectively examined to study the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and age of first MI. The age of first MI decreased with higher BMIs; compared with those with BMIs <25 kg/m2, those with BMI >40 kg/m2 were 12 years younger. These data suggest that as the obesity pandemic worsens, MI may occur at increasingly younger ages. See page
979. See figure.
|
Heart Failure
|
|---|
Prognostic Value of Changes in NT-proBNP.
Masson and colleagues assessed the prognostic value of repeated determinations of N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) in subjects enrolled in VAL-HeFT who had chronic heart failure. The NT-proBNP level at 4 months was slightly better at predicting mortality than the baseline level. Changes in the level, whether calculated as absolute or relative changes, were less accurate than absolute levels, but did add additional information especially when considered in broad categories such as high or low. Serial determinations of NT-proBNP may improve risk stratification for patients with stable heart failure compared with a single measurement. See page
997. See figure.
|
Myocardial Metabolism
|
|---|
Caloric Restriction Decreases Myocardial TGs and Improves Myocardial Stiffness.
Triglycerides (TGs) accumulate in the heart when myocardial fatty acid uptake exceeds the amount used for oxidation to generate energy. In animal experiments, increased myocardial TGs are associated with impaired myocardial function. Hammer and colleagues studied the effect of 16 weeks of caloric restriction on myocardial TGs in obese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Caloric restriction decreased body weight by 8 kg and was associated with improved glucoregulation, a decrease in myocardial TG content, and improvements in diastolic function. This study demonstrates that myocardial TG stores can be reduced by caloric restriction and that this may improve myocardial stiffness. See page
1006. See figure.
Related Articles
-
Prolonged Caloric Restriction in Obese Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Decreases Myocardial Triglyceride Content and Improves Myocardial Function
- Sebastiaan Hammer, Marieke Snel, Hildo J. Lamb, Ingrid M. Jazet, Rutger W. van der Meer, Hanno Pijl, Edo A. Meinders, Johannes A. Romijn, Albert de Roos, and Johannes W.A. Smit
J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 2008 52: 1006-1012.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
-
Hemoxygenase-1 in Cardiovascular Disease
- Naglaa K. Idriss, Andrew D. Blann, and Gregory Y.H. Lip
J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 2008 52: 971-978.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
-
Obesity and Age of First Non–ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction
- Mohan C. Madala, Barry A. Franklin, Anita Y. Chen, Aaron D. Berman, Matthew T. Roe, Eric D. Peterson, E. Magnus Ohman, Sidney C. Smith, Jr, W. Brian Gibler, Peter A. McCullough for the CRUSADE Investigators
J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 2008 52: 979-985.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
-
Prognostic Value of Changes in N-Terminal Pro-Brain Natriuretic Peptide in Val-HeFT (Valsartan Heart Failure Trial)
- Serge Masson, Roberto Latini, Inder S. Anand, Simona Barlera, Laura Angelici, Tarcisio Vago, Gianni Tognoni, Jay N. Cohn for the Val-HeFT Investigators
J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 2008 52: 997-1003.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
Top
State-of-the-Art Paper
Myocardial Infarction
