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Figure 3 Time Course of Acute Changes in FMD Upon Ingestion of Flavanol-Containing Cocoa
For a detailed protocol of the feasibility study, refer to Figure 1A. Baseline values (black) for flow-mediated dilation (FMD) were similar in all groups at study entry. After ingestion of the cocoa drinks, containing either a medium (371 mg; red triangles) or a high (963 mg; red squares) dose of flavanols, FMD increased significantly, while the ingestion of the control drink (75 mg of flavanols; red circles) had no effect. Data are given as mean ± standard deviation. *Indicates significant differences in FMD compared with that seen in baseline within each group, p < 0.05; #Indicates significant differences in FMD between the control and the high-flavanol dose, p < 0.05.
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