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Figure 5 Senescent Mouse Cardiac Fibroblasts Show a Blunted Response to TGF-β Stimulation
(A and B) Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1–stimulated young mouse cardiac fibroblasts showed enhanced expression of phosphorylated Smad2 (p-Smad2), indicating activation of the Smad2/3 pathway, which plays an important role in mediating the pro-fibrotic actions of TGF-β. (C and D) In contrast, fibroblasts isolated from senescent mouse hearts had a blunted and more transient response to TGF-β1 stimulation. (C) Control unstimulated cardiac fibroblasts (**p < 0.01, *p < 0.05 vs. corresponding C, n = 5). GAPDH = glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase.
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