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Figure 2 Levels of Genomic and Proteomic Information
Capturing all genomic and proteomic information requires a combined approach that targets DNA, RNA, and proteins. The single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) may influence gene expression (e.g., by altering a transcriptional activator binding site in the promoter), or gene function (e.g., by causing an amino acid change). Transcriptional activators (TA), repressors (TR), and mRNA turnover influence mRNA levels independent of SNP genotypes; these mechanisms would only be detectable by expression profiling. Although mRNA levels may vary within and among cells, regulation of protein trafficking, turnover, or structure could affect a protein level or function independently from genotype or mRNA regulation. Illustration by Rob Flewell.
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