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Figure 4 Effects of volumetric imaging on the accuracy of left ventricular (LV) mass measurements. End-diastolic apical 4- (A4C) and 2-chamber (A2C) views of the LV obtained in a patient using conventional 2-dimensional (2D) imaging (top) and anatomically correct apical 4- and 2-chamber cut planes selected from a real-time 3-dimensional (3D) data set obtained in the same subject (middle). Manually traced endocardial and epicardial boundaries used to calculate LV mass are shown on the images. The LV long-axis dimension was measured on such images in 19 patients (bottom). Note the increase in the length of the LV in both apical views, as assessed by the 3D technique in most patients (large circles and error bars represent mean ± SD, *p < 0.05). Reproduced, with permission, from Mor-Avi et al. (114).
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