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Figure 3 Effects of carvedilol, metoprolol controlled release/extended release (CR/XL), and no treatment on left ventricular (LV) stroke work, myocardial oxygen consumption (MvO2), and LV mechanical efficiency. Although both treatments had comparable effects on MvO2, carvedilol was associated with greater increases in stroke work and mechanical efficiency. Cessation of pacing alone had no effect. The indicated p values represent the differences in the carvedilol response and metoprolol response. *p < 0.05 compared with before treatment. Open bars = before treatment; solid bars = after treatment. Carv = carvedilol; Con = control subjects; Met = metoprolol.
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