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Figure 3 Cardiac specific overexpression of catalytically inactive phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K_inact) improves cardiac function of calsequestrin (CSQ) transgenic mice. (a) Representative echocardiograms from CSQ or CSQ/PI3K_inact mice at 8, 12, and 16 weeks of age. Absolute values of left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD, b), left ventricular end-systolic diameter (LVESD, c), and % fractional shortening (%FS, d) in age-matched wild type (WT) (striped circle), CSQ (solid circle), and CSQ/PI3K_inact (open circle) mice are shown in the left panels. In the right panels percent change variation over time is also shown for CSQ and CSQ/PI3K_inact mice. *p < 0.05 CSQ or CSQ/PI3K_inact vs. respective eight weeks measurement; p < 0.05 CSQ/PI3K_inact vs. CSQ age-matched mice (repeated measures analysis of variance); p < 0.0001 WT vs. CSQ or CSQ/PI3K_inact at all time points.

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