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Figure 1 Isolation of the left superior pulmonary vein (PV). A decapolar ring catheter (PV1-2 to PV10-1) is positioned at the ostium of the left superior PV. Recordings of the surface electrocardiographic leads I, aVL, and V1 and the cryoablation catheter (CryoDis) are shown during distal coronary sinus (CSDis) pacing. After initial cryoablation applications at the earliest activation sites (*) of the PV potential at electrodes 9-10 (Baseline), the PV activation sequence changes and the local endocardial activation time at electrodes 9-10 increases from 60 to 130 ms (Cryo9-10). Further cryoablation applications at the earliest activation sites (*) of the PV potential at electrodes 3-4 resulted in complete electrical isolation without any PV potential (Cryo3-4).
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