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Figure 4 Tracings of M pattern of right atrial (RA) pressure. When timed by electrocardiogram (A), most prominent negative deflection in right atrium is coincident with T-wave, suggesting a diastolic Y descent. In contrast, its relation to right ventricular (RV) pressure (B) demonstrates that this prominent descent coincides with peak RV systolic pressure (RVSP), indicating a systolic X descent, whereas diastolic Y descent is blunted. M pattern comprises a depressed A-wave, D descent before a small C-wave, a prominent X descent, a small V-wave, and a blunted Y descent. Peak RVSP is depressed and bifid (arrow) with delayed relaxation and an elevated end-diastolic pressure. (All pressures are measured in mm Hg). Reprinted with permission from reference 9.
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