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Figure 1 Effects of light and heavy smokers’ serum on basal-nitric oxide (NO) and endothelin-1 (ET-1) production in vitro. Confluent (approximately 85%) human umbilical endothelial cells were incubated with an equal volume of medium and serum from nonsmokers (n = 8), light smokers (n = 7) or heavy smokers (n = 8) in 24-well plates. After 12-h incubation (37°C; 5% CO2), the cell culture supernatant was collected. (A) Nitric oxide production in the cell culture supernatant was determined by a chemiluminescence method; (B) Endothelin-1 production in the cell culture supernatant was determined using an ELISA. (A) Basal NO production; one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA): group, p < 0.001. Post-hoc Fishers protected least significant difference (PLSD): *nonsmokers versus light smokers, p < 0.001;  nonsmokers versus heavy smokers, p < 0.001; light smokers versus heavy smokers, p = 0.62. (B) Basal ET-1 production; one-way ANOVA: group, p = 0.55. The box represent the interquartile range (between the 25th and 75th percentiles); the median is shown as a horizontal bar within each box. The bars outside each box show the range of 95% of all values.
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