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Figure 4 Example of distal coronary sinus (CS) electrical isolation from the rest of the atria after linear lesions in positions 1 and 3. (A) Recordings showing distal CS isolation from the rest of the right atrium. (B) The loop catheter in position 1. The posterior portion of the circle is close to the mitral valve ring, as shown by the proximity of the loop to the CS catheter. The anterior portion is under the superior pulmonary veins. (C) Lesion gross pathology in the left atrium (arrows = lesions). The recordings in the high right atrium (HRA) and proximal CS between electrodes 1 and 2 are atrial fibrillation, but the distal CS recordings between electrodes 3 and 4 show sporadic depolarization. III = electrocardiogram surface lead; MECA = multi-electrode catheter ablation system bipolar recordings betweenelectrodes 1 and 2, 2 and 3, etc.
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