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Figure 1 Typical examples of immunohistochemistry for von Willebrand factor in right and left atrial appendages from patients with noncardiac disease (N; 63 years old, male), mitral valvular stenosis (MS; 53 years old, female), and end-stage heart failure (HF; 80 years old, male), respectively. The latter two cases were accompanied by atrial fibrillation. RAA and LAA indicate right and left atrial appendages, respectively. Bar = 200 µm.
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