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Figure 1 Endothelium-dependent vasodilation. The percent change in brachial artery diameter during reactive hyperemia in heart failure patients (open bars) and transplant recipients (closed bars) compared with normal controls (hatched bars) is shown. Compared with controls, flow-mediated dilation (FMD) was significantly decreased in heart failure patients with either ischemic cardiomyopathy or nonischemic cardiomyopathy. Flow-mediated dilation was also impaired in transplant recipients with a history of ischemic cardiomyopathy. In contrast, FMD in transplant recipients with a history of nonischemic cardiomyopathy was significantly higher than that of heart failure patients with nonischemic cardiomyopathy or transplant recipients with a history of ischemic heart disease. *p < 0.05 compared with normal control.
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