Alcohol and Cardiovascular HealthThe Razor-Sharp Double-Edged Sword
James H. O'Keefe, MD, FACC*,*,
Kevin A. Bybee, MD* and
Carl J. Lavie, MD, FACC
* Mid America Heart Institute, University of Missouri, Kansas City, Missouri
Ochsner Medical Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
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Figure 1 Alcohol and All-Cause Mortality
The relationship of daily alcohol consumption to the relative risk of all-cause mortality in men and women. Reproduced with permission from DiCastelnuovo et al. (2).
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Figure 2 Alcohol Intake and Risk of MI in Men Following a Healthy Lifestyle
Moderate alcohol intake (1 to 2 drinks per day) reduced the rate of myocardial infarction (MI) in this group of 8,867 middle-aged males already following healthy lifestyle recommendations (6).
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Figure 3 Alcohol and Stroke Risk
Relationship between daily alcohol and ischemic stroke. This was fully adjusted for the usual stroke factors. OR = odds ratio. Reproduced with permission from Sacco et al. (12).
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Figure 4 Alcohol and Coronary Calcium
The likelihood of having extensive coronary calcification on computerized tomography scanning was reduced in those who consumed 1 to 2 drinks daily. Data from Vliegenthart et al. (17).
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Figure 5 Wine With Meal Reduced Postprandial Glucose
In this group of type 2 diabetic patients, wine with the meal (solid circles), substantially reduced postprandial glucose for the subsequent 6 h compared with subjects who drank a wine placebo (open circles). Reproduced with permission from Greenfield et al. (22).
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Figure 6 Alcohol and CRP Levels
Alcohol was associated with a reduction in C-reactive protein (CRP), particularly at 5 to 7 drinks per week. Reproduced with permission from Albert et al. (31).
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