Dimethylarginine Dimethylaminohydrolase Promotes Endothelial Repair After Vascular Injury
Hakuoh Konishi, MD, PhD,
Karsten Sydow, MD and
John P. Cooke, MD, PhD*
Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
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Figure 1 Endothelial Regeneration Is Accelerated in DDAH TG Mice
(A) Evans blue staining showed segments of each artery that have not recovered endothelium. The stained (denuded) area in dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase (DDAH) transgenic (TG) mice is reduced compared with wild-type (WT) mice. (B) Quantification of regenerated endothelium expressed as a percentage of the area originally injured. *p < 0.05 (n = 8).
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Figure 2 Neointima and Inflammation Is Reduced in DDAH TG Mice
(A) Hematoxylin-eosin staining and immunohistochemical staining with anti-CD45 antibody revealed that neointima and inflammatory infiltrate were reduced in vascular sections of injured arteries from DDAH TG mice by comparison with those from WT mice. (B) Quantification of CD45 positive cells expressed as mean ± SEM. *p < 0.05 (n = 6). Abbreviations as in Figure 1.
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Figure 3 Neointima Formation Was Reduced in DDAH TG Mice 28 Days After Injury
(A) Elastica van Gieson's staining shows neointima formation after vascular injury. (B) Neointimal area and intima/media (I/M) ratios in DDAH TG mice were significantly less than that of WT mice. *p < 0.05 (n = 7). Abbreviations as in Figure 1.
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Figure 4 One Week After Injury, Vascular Segments Were Embedded in Growth Factor Reduced Matrigel, and the Number of Sprouting Microvessels Were Quantified
(A) Representative aortic rings showed increased endothelial sprouting in a vascular segment from a DDAH TG mouse, by comparison with those from a WT mouse. (B) Quantification of endothelial sprouts. *p < 0.05 (n = 4). Abbreviations as in Figure 1.
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