Structural Abnormalities of the Inferoseptal Left Ventricular Wall Detected by Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Carriers of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Mutations
Tjeerd Germans, MD*, ,*,
Arthur A.M. Wilde, MD, PhD , ,
Pieter A. Dijkmans, MD*,
Wenxia Chai, PhD ,
Otto Kamp, MD, PhD*,
Yigal M. Pinto, MD, PhD , and
Albert C. van Rossum, MD, PhD*,
* Department of Cardiology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
Department of Cardiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Maastricht, Maastricht, the Netherlands
Interuniversity Cardiology Institute of the Netherlands, Utrecht, the Netherlands

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Figure 1 Structural abnormalities in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) mutation carriers. (A) Short-axis view of HCM mutation carrier. White arrowhead indicates triangular shaped, blood-containing spot in inferoseptum. Gray cutline represents the image plane of images B through F. (B) Modified 2-chamber view through inferoseptum of healthy volunteer; no crypts can be observed. (C to E) Modified 2-chamber view through inferoseptum of HCM mutation carriers with left ventricular (LV) wall thickness <9 mm; white arrowheads indicate crypts penetrating the myocardium up to the subepicardial layer. (F) Modified 2-chamber view through inferoseptum of HCM mutation carrier with LV wall thickness of 11 mm. The penetration of the crypts can be visualized only up to 70% of the myocardium, as indicated by white arrowheads.
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Figure 2 Delayed contrast enhancement images of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) mutation carriers. (A) Modified 2-chamber view of HCM mutation carrier with regional hypertrophy. White arrowhead indicates focal fibrosis; dashed line indicates the cutline of image plane C. (B) Modified 2-chamber view of HCM mutation carrier without regional hypertrophy; dashed line indicates the cutline of image D. (C) Short-axis view of HCM mutation carrier with regional hypertrophy. White arrowhead indicates focal fibrosis in inferoseptum; dashed line indicates cutline of image A. (D) Short-axis view of HCM mutation carrier without regional hypertrophy. Black arrowhead indicates partial volume effect of blood-containing crypts. Dashed line indicates cutline of image B.
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