Acute Effects of High-Fat Meals Enriched With Walnuts or Olive Oil on Postprandial Endothelial Function
Berenice Cortés, BS*, ,
Isabel Núñez, MD ,
Montserrat Cofán, PhD,
Rosa Gilabert, MD, PhD,
Ana Pérez-Heras, RD,
Elena Casals, MD, PhD ,
Ramón Deulofeu, PhD and
Emilio Ros, MD, PhD,*
* Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
Secció d'Ecografia, Centre de Diagnòstic per l'Imatge
Unitat de Lípids, Institut Clínic de Malalties Digestives i Metabòliques
Centre de Diagnòstic Biològic, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
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Figure 1 Mean flow-mediated dilation before and 4 h after fatty meals with added olive oil (squares) or walnuts (triangles). Vertical bars indicate SE. Time–period interaction: p = 0.006 by repeated-measures analysis of variance.
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Figure 2 Changes from baseline of variables related to glycemic control and triglycerides after the test meals in study groups. Vertical bars are 95% confidence interval. No group, time, or period interactions were observed for any of the variables by repeated-measures analysis of variance. FFA = free fatty acids; HC = hypercholesterolemia group.
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Figure 3 Changes from baseline of inflammation and endothelial activation markers and asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) after the test meals in study groups. Vertical bars are 95% confidence interval. *Greater reduction after the walnut meal compared with the olive oil meal (time–period interaction: p = 0.033 by repeated-measures analysis of variance). sICAM-1 = soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1; sTNF = soluble tumor necrosis factor; sVCAM-1 = soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule 1.
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