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Outcomes by Gender in the African-American Heart Failure Trial

Anne L. Taylor, MD^_*,_*, JoAnn Lindenfeld, MD, Susan Ziesche, RN, Mary Norine Walsh, MD, Judith E. Mitchell, MD^||, Kirkwood Adams, MD^¶, S. William Tam, PhD^#, Elizabeth Ofili, MD^_**, Michael L. Sabolinski, MD^#, Manuel Worcel, MD^#, Jay N. Cohn, MD^_* for the A-HeFT Investigators

^_* Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
University of Colorado Health Science Center, Denver, Colorado
Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Minneapolis, Minnesota
The Care Group, LLC, Indianapolis, Indiana
^|| State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York
^¶ University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
^# NitroMed, Inc., Lexington, Massachusetts
^_** Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia

View larger version (9K): [in this window] [in a new window] [Download PPT slide]   Figure 1 Primary composite score by gender and treatment groups. The entire group (men plus women) treated with isosorbide dinitrate/hydralazine (I/H) had a significantly improved the composite score (p = 0.016) compared with the entire group (men plus women) in the placebo arm. Women as a group had better composite scores than men (p = 0.049); however, there was no gender-by-treatment interaction (p = 0.806).

View larger version (14K): [in this window] [in a new window] [Download PPT slide]   Figure 2 Components of the primary composite score by gender and treatment groups. The p values compare isosorbide dinitrate/hydralazine (I/H) with placebo in each group. Mortality was reduced by I/H in both men and women, with a slightly greater effect in women. First heart failure hospitalization was similarly reduced in both men and women, whereas change in quality of life (QoL) was improved in both genders without gender-by-treatment interaction.

View larger version (11K): [in this window] [in a new window] [Download PPT slide]   Figure 3 Kaplan-Meier curves for survival by gender and treatment groups. HR = hazard ratio; I/H = isosorbide dinitrate/hydralazine.

View larger version (12K): [in this window] [in a new window] [Download PPT slide]   Figure 4 Kaplan-Meier curves for first hospitalization for heart failure by gender and treatment groups. Abbreviations as in Figure 3.

View larger version (12K): [in this window] [in a new window] [Download PPT slide]   Figure 5 Kaplan-Meier curves for event-free survival (time to either death or heart failure hospitalization) by gender and treatment groups. Abbreviations as in Figure 3.