Simvastatin Attenuates Plaque Inflammation
Evaluation by Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography
Nobuhiro Tahara, MD, PhD*,
Hisashi Kai, MD, PhD*,*,
Masatoshi Ishibashi, MD, PhD ,
Hiroyuki Nakaura, MD, PhD*,
Hayato Kaida, MD,
Kenkichi Baba, MD,
Naofumi Hayabuchi, MD, PhD and
Tsutomu Imaizumi, MD, PhD*
* Department of Medicine/Cardiovascular Research Institute, Division of Cardio-Vascular Medicine
Department of Radiology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
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Figure 1 Representative transaxial images of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) (left), enhanced computerized tomography (CT) (middle), and co-registration of PET and CT (PET/CT) (right) showing 18FDG uptakes in the carotid arterial plaques (arrowheads) of 2 patients.
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Figure 2 Effects of simvastatin on 18FDG uptake in atherosclerotic plaque inflammation. Representative 18FDG-PET images at baseline and after 3 months of treatment (post-treatment) with dietary management alone (diet) or simvastatin. (Top) Dietary management alone had no effect on 18FDG uptakes (arrows) in the aortic arch and the carotid arteries. (Middle) 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose uptakes were attenuated by simvastatin treatment. (Bottom) The co-registered images of 18FDG-PET and CT clearly show that the plaque 18FDG uptakes (arrowheads) disappeared after 3-month treatment with simvastatin. Abbreviations as in Figure 1.
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Figure 3 Quantitative analysis of the effects of simvastatin on 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose uptake in atherosclerotic plaque inflammation. (A) For quantitative analysis, the maximum standardized uptake values (SUVs) were evaluated in individual plaques and averaged for analysis of the results of the subject-wise SUV at baseline and after 3-month treatment (post-treatment). (B) Changes in plaque SUVs from baseline. Plaque SUVs were significantly reduced by simvastatin, but not by dietary management alone (diet).  SUV denotes the changes in the SUV after treatment. Bar = 1 x SD.
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Figure 4 Changes in low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (A) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (B) after 3-month treatment with dietary management alone (diet) or simvastatin.
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