Progression of Peripheral Arterial Disease Predicts Cardiovascular Disease Morbidity and Mortality
Michael H. Criqui, MD, MPH*, ,*,
John K. Ninomiya, PhD, MSc*,
Deborah L. Wingard, PhD*,
Ming Ji, PhD and
Arnost Fronek, MD, PhD
* Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, California
Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, California
Department of Surgery and Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, California
San Diego State University, School of Public Health, San Diego, California
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Figure 1 3- and 6-Year All-Cause Mortality and CVD Events by ABI Category, Vascular Laboratory Patients, San Diego, California, Recruited 1990 to 1994
Mortality model are logistic, morbidity/mortality model is Cox. Models adjusted for age, gender, race, body mass index, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, log triglycerides, diabetes, hypertension, pack-years smoking, smoking status (current/past/never), history of coronary heart disease, history of stroke, claudication status and history of surgery for peripheral artery disease. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001. ABI = ankle-brachial index; CVD = cardiovascular disease.
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