Marked Impairment of Protease-Activated Receptor Type 1-Mediated Vasodilation and Fibrinolysis in Cigarette SmokersSmoking, Thrombin, and Vascular Responses In Vivo
Ninian N. Lang, MRCP*,*,
Ingibjörg J. Guðmundsdóttir, MRCP*,
Nicholas A. Boon, MD, FRCP ,
Christopher A. Ludlam, PhD, FRCP*,
Keith A. Fox, FRCP, FESC* and
David E. Newby, PhD, FRCP*
* Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Department of Cardiology, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
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Figure 1 Forearm Arterial Vasodilation in Smokers and NonSmokers
Forearm arterial vasodilatation induced by SFLLRN (squares, top panel), bradykinin (circles, middle panel), and sodium nitroprusside (triangles, bottom panel) in smokers (blue symbols) and nonsmokers (red symbols). *p < 0.05. NS = nonsignificant (analysis of variance, smokers vs. nonsmokers).
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Figure 2 Net Release of t-PA Activator in Smokers and Nonsmokers
Net t-PA antigen (circles) and activity (squares) release induced by SFLLRN (top panels) and bradykinin (bottom panels) in smokers (blue symbols) and nonsmokers (red symbols). *p < 0.05, p = 0.005. NS = nonsignificant (analysis of variance, smokers vs. nonsmokers); t-PA = tissue-type plasminogen activator.
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