Long-Term Follow-Up After Cryothermic Ostial Pulmonary Vein Isolation in Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation
Wendel Moreira, MD*,3,
Randy Manusama, MD*,3,
Carl Timmermans, MD, PhD, FACC*,1,
Benoit Ghaye, MD ,
Suzanne Philippens, RN*,
Hein J.J. Wellens, MD, PhD, FACC ,2 and
Luz-Maria Rodriguez, MD, PhD, FACC*,*,1
* Department of Cardiology, Academic Hospital Maastricht, Maastricht, the Netherlands
Department of Medical Imaging, University Hospital of Liége, Liége, Belgium
Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
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Figure 1 AF Initiated by a Trigger in the RSPV
An example of adenosine-induced atrial fibrillation (AF). HRA D = high right atrium distal; LSPV = left superior pulmonary vein; RSPV = right superior pulmonary vein.
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Figure 2 Kaplan-Meier Curve Showing the Outcomes of Pulmonary Vein Cryoisolation
After a mean follow-up of 33 ± 15 months, pulmonary vein cryoisolation was effective in 82% of patients. An event was considered a patient who, at any time, reported <50% improvement. The table shows the number of events compared with patients at risk over time. AF = atrial fibrillation.
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