Epidemiological Study on the Effect of Pre-Hypertension and Family History of Hypertension on Cardiac Autonomic Function
Jin-Shang Wu, MD, MS*, ,
Feng-Hwa Lu, MD, MS*,,
Yi-Ching Yang, MD, MPH*,,
Thy-Sheng Lin, MD, MS ,
Jia-Jin Chen, PhD ,
Chih-Hsing Wu, MD,
Ying-Hsiang Huang, MD, MS and
Chih-Jen Chang, MD*,,*
* Department of Family Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan, Republic of China
Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan, Republic of China
Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan, Republic of China
Department of Family Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Taiwan, Republic of China.
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Figure 1 Comparison and Adjusted Means of Cardiac Autonomic Function Among Subjects With Different Blood Pressure Based on the Analysis of Covariance
The covariance included age, gender, body mass index, current alcohol use, plasma glucose, cholesterol, triglyceride, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Data expressed as adjusted mean ± SE. 30 max/15 min ratio = a ratio between the longest RR interval at approximately the 30th beat and the shortest RR interval at approximately the 15th beat after standing; E/I ratio = a ratio between the RR intervals during expiration and inspiration; HF = high frequency; LF = low frequency; NT(–) = normotension without a family history of hypertension; NT(+) = normotension with a family history of hypertension; SDNN = standard deviation of normal-to-normal intervals or RR intervals.
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