Prevalence of American Heart Association Type VI Carotid Atherosclerotic Lesions Identified by Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Different Levels of Stenosis as Measured by Duplex Ultrasound
Tobias Saam, MD*, ,
Hunter R. Underhill, MD,
Baocheng Chu, MD, PhD,
Norihide Takaya, MD, PhD,
Jianming Cai, MD, PhD,
Nayak L. Polissar, PhD ,
Chun Yuan, PhD and
Thomas S. Hatsukami, MD ,*
* Department of Clinical Radiology, University of Munich, Grosshadern Campus, Munich, Germany
Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
The Mountain-Whisper-Light Statistical Consulting, Seattle, Washington
VA Puget Sound Health Care System and Department of Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.
View larger version (19K):
[in this window]
[in a new window]
[Download PPT slide]
|
Figure 1 Prevalence of Complications by Duplex Categories (n = 260 Arteries)
This graph shows the prevalence of hemorrhage, fibrous cap (FC) rupture, American Heart Association (AHA) lesion type VI, and other complications (calcified nodule, calcified plate with juxtaluminal hemorrhage/thrombus, and penetrating ulcer) of carotid atherosclerotic plaque in arteries of varying degrees of stenosis as measured by duplex ultrasound. Of note, 1 artery could have more than 1 complication.
|
|
View larger version (50K):
[in this window]
[in a new window]
[Download PPT slide]
|
Figure 2 Complicated Atherosclerotic Plaque in the Right Carotid Artery in a Subject With 1% to 15% Stenosis
The chevron points to an eccentric plaque with a lipid/necrotic core without hemorrhage. The arrow points to a hyperintense area in T1- and T2-weighted images, indicating the presence of juxtaluminal hemorrhage/thrombus. The irregular surface of the plaque can best be depicted on the TOF images (the asterisks indicate the lumen). ICA = internal carotid artery; JV = jugular vein; PDW = proton-density weighted; TOF = time-of-flight.
|
|
View larger version (65K):
[in this window]
[in a new window]
[Download PPT slide]
|
Figure 3 Complicated Internal Carotid Plaque in a Subject With 16% to 49% Stenosis
The asterisks indicate the lumen of the internal carotid artery; the chevron points to an area that is hypointense on all 4 weightings, indicating the presence of juxtaluminal calcification; and the arrow points to an area of high signal intensity on all 4 weightings, indicating the presence of type II hemorrhage. Abbreviations as in Figure 2.
|
|
View larger version (16K):
[in this window]
[in a new window]
[Download PPT slide]
|
Figure 4 Prevalence of Complicated AHA Type VI Lesions at Each MR Imaging Location
This graph shows the prevalence of complicated AHA type VI lesions at each MR imaging location with the x axis indicating the distance from the bifurcation and the locations of the minimum lumen area, maximum wall area, and maximum NWI for the artery. Locations from –12 to –6 mm were located in the common carotid artery, locations from –4 to 0 mm were located in the carotid bulb, and locations from 2 to 12 mm were located in the internal carotid artery; 2,378 locations are represented. AHA = American Heart Association; MR = magnetic resonance; NWI = normalized wall index.
|
|
|
