18Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography Imaging of Atherosclerotic Plaque Inflammation Is Highly ReproducibleImplications for Atherosclerosis Therapy Trials
James H.F. Rudd, MD, PhD*,1,*,
Kelly S. Myers, BS*,
Sameer Bansilal, MD ,
Josef Machac, MD ,
Ash Rafique, BS,
Michael Farkouh, MD, MSc,
Valentin Fuster, MD, PhD and
Zahi A. Fayad, PhD, FACC, FAHA*
* Imaging Science Laboratories, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York
Cardiovascular Imaging Clinical Trials Unit, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York
Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York
The Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute and Marie-Josee and Henry R. Kravis Cardiovascular Health Center, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York.
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Figure 1 Mean TBR Values at First and Second Scan
Error bars indicate standard deviation. Little spontaneous change in tissue-to-background ratio (TBR) values between the two scans is noted. *p < 0.05 for the TBR of both left and right carotid artery compared with the TBR of all aortic regions. Abd = abdominal; Asc = ascending; Desc = descending.
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Figure 2 Carotid and Aortic PET/CT Images Over 2 Weeks
(A) Axial images from scan 1 and 2 of one subject’s carotid artery. Computed tomography (CT) (left), positron emission tomography (PET) (middle), and fused PET/CT (right) with arrows indicating similar 18fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake in the right carotid artery at both time points. (B) Sagittal images from scan 1 and 2 of another subject’s aorta. CT (left), PET (middle), and fused PET/CT (right) with arrows indicating similar FDG uptake in the aortic arch and descending aorta at both time points.
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Figure 3 Bland-Altman Plots of Interobserver, Intraobserver, and Interscan Variability
(A) Interobserver, (B) intraobserver, and (C) interscan variability. The dashed line is the mean difference between the 2 scans, while the limits of agreement are drawn as solid lines (mean difference ± 2 SD). TBR = tissue-to-background ratio.
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Figure 4 Sample Size Estimates Based on Drug Efficacy
The number of subjects needed in trials using 18fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography is shown for several levels of drug effect.
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