Central Sympatholysis as a Novel Countermeasure for Cocaine-Induced Sympathetic Activation and Vasoconstriction in Humans
Dileep V. Menon, MD,
Zhongyun Wang, MD,
Paul J. Fadel, PhD,
Debbie Arbique, RN,
David Leonard, PhD,
Jia-Ling Li, MD,
Ronald G. Victor, MD, FACC1 and
Wanpen Vongpatanasin, MD, FACC1,*
Hypertension Division and the Donald W. Reynolds Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas.
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Figure 1 Original Recordings of Skin SNA
Intranasal cocaine evoked a rapid and sustained increase in skin sympathetic nerve activity (SNA), which is reversed by dexmedetomidine (Dex), beginning at the dose of 0.1 µg/kg/min but not by intravenous saline. The SNA is in arbitrary units along the Y-axis.
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Figure 3 Changes in Skin SNA and Vascular Resistance in Subjects With  2CDel322-325 Allele
Intranasal cocaine caused a similar increase in skin sympathetic nerve activity (SNA) and skin vascular resistance in both groups of subjects. Dexmedetomidine (Dex) reversed effects of cocaine on SNA and skin vascular resistance similarly in both groups. Data are mean ± SE. *p < 0.05 versus baseline,  p < 0.01 versus baseline.
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p < 0.05 versus saline, 
p < 0.01 versus saline.