Low Serum Testosterone and High Serum Estradiol Associate With Lower Extremity Peripheral Arterial Disease in Elderly MenThe MrOS Study in Sweden
Åsa Tivesten, MD, PhD*,*,
Dan Mellström, MD, PhD ,
Hans Jutberger, MD,
Björn Fagerberg, MD, PhD*,
Bodil Lernfelt, MD, PhD,
Eric Orwoll, MD, PhD ,
Magnus K. Karlsson, MD, PhD ,
Östen Ljunggren, MD, PhD|| and
Claes Ohlsson, MD, PhD
* The Wallenberg Laboratory for Cardiovascular Research, Göteborg University, Göteborg, Sweden
Center for Bone Research at the Sahlgrenska Academy, Institute of Medicine, Göteborg University, Göteborg, Sweden
Bone and Mineral Unit, Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, Oregon
Clinical and Molecular Osteoporosis Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Department of Orthopaedics, Malmö University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
|| Department of Medical Sciences, University of Uppsala, Uppsala, Sweden.
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Figure 1 Mean ABI According to Quartile of Serum Free Testosterone and Free Estradiol Levels
Mean ankle-brachial index (ABI) (±SE) according to quartile (Q) of serum free testosterone (A) and free estradiol (B) levels. Limits in free testosterone for different quartiles were as follows: Q1 0.003 to 0.23, Q2 0.23 to 0.30, Q3 0.30 to 0.39, and Q4 0.39 to 1.43 nmol/l. Limits for free estradiol were Q1 0.05 to 1.20, Q2 1.20 to 1.60, Q3 1.60 to 2.12, and Q4 2.12 to 9.04 pmol/l. (C) Mean ABI (±SE) adjusted for free estradiol according to quartile of serum free testosterone levels. (D) Mean ABI (±SE) adjusted for free testosterone according to quartile of serum free estradiol levels. Statistical analyses were performed by analysis of variance followed by Tukey's post hoc test. *p < 0.05 versus Q2, Q3, and Q4; #p < 0.05 versus Q1 and Q2.
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