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J Am Coll Cardiol, 2007; 49:2120-2128, doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2006.10.082 (Published online 11 May 2007).
© 2007 by the American College of Cardiology Foundation
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Therapy With Cardiac Contractility Modulation Electrical Signals Improves Left Ventricular Function and Remodeling in Dogs With Chronic Heart Failure

Makoto Imai, MD*, Sharad Rastogi, MD*, Ramesh C. Gupta, PhD*, Sudhish Mishra, PhD*, Victor G. Sharov, MD, PhD*, William C. Stanley, PhD{dagger}, Yuval Mika, PhD{ddagger}, Benny Rousso, PhD{ddagger}, Daniel Burkhoff, MD, PhD, FACC{ddagger}, Shlomo Ben-Haim, MD, PhD{ddagger} and Hani N. Sabbah, PhD, FACC*,*

* Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Henry Ford Heart and Vascular Institute, Detroit, Michigan
{dagger} Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
{ddagger} Impulse Dynamics USA, Inc., Orangeburg, New York.


Figure 1
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  		Figure 1 Right Anterior Oblique Fluoroscopic Image of Leads Placement During CCM System Implantation

CCM = cardiac contractility modulation.

 

Figure 2
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  		Figure 2 Expression of Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Proteins in LV Myocardium

(Left) Western blots of sarcoplasmic reticulum proteins in tissue obtained from the interventricular septum of 2 normal dogs (NL), 2 sham-operated heart failure dogs (Sham), and 2 cardiac contractility modulation (CCM)-treated dogs. (Right) Western blots of the same proteins in tissue obtained from the left ventricular (LV) free wall of the same dogs as in the left panel. CSQ = calsequestrin; PLB = phospholamban; RYR = ryanodine receptor; SERCA-2a = sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase.

 

Figure 3
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  		Figure 3 Protein Expression of PLB in LV Myocardium

(Top) Western blots of PLB in tissue obtained from the interventricular septum of 2 NL, 2 sham-operated heart failure dogs (HF-Sham), and 2 CCM-treated HF dogs (HF + CCM). (Bottom) Western blots of the same protein in tissue obtained from the LV free wall of the same dogs as in the top panel. P-PLB = phosphorylated phospholamban; Ser-16 = serine-16; Thr-17 = threonine-17; Total-PLB = total cardiac phospholamban; other abbreviations as in Figure 2.

 

Figure 4
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  		Figure 4 Protein Expression of PLB in LV Myocardium of Dogs Treated With a BB

Western blots of Total-PLB, P-PLB at Ser-16, and P-PLB at Thr-17 in tissue obtained from the LV free wall of 2 NL, 2 control untreated HF dogs (HF-Control), 2 HF dogs treated with beta-blockade only (HF + beta-blocker [BB]), and 2 HF dogs treated with both BB and CCM (HF + BB + CCM). Abbreviations as in Figures 2 and 3.

 

Figure 5
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  		Figure 5 Ratio of P-PLB to Total PLB in the LV Anterior Wall

(Top) Bar graph (mean ± SEM) depicting the ratio of P-PLB/Total PLB in LV anterior wall of 6 NL, 6 untreated HF dogs, and 6 CCM-treated HF dogs (HF + CCM). (Bottom) Western blots of P-PLB and Total-PLB in tissue obtained from the LV anterior wall of 2 NL, 2 untreated HF dogs, and 2 CCM-treated HF dogs (HF + CCM). Abbreviations as in Figures 2 and 3.

 

Figure 6
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  		Figure 6 Ratio of P-PLB to Total-PLB in the LV Posterior Wall

(Top) Bar graph (mean ± SEM) depicting the ratio of P-PLB/Total-PLB in LV posterior wall of 6 NL, 6 untreated HF dogs, and 6 CCM-treated HF dogs (HF + CCM). (Bottom) Western blots of P-PLB and Total-PLB in tissue obtained from the LV posterior wall of 2 NL, 2 untreated HF dogs, and 2 CCM-treated HF dogs (HF + CCM). Abbreviations as in Figures 2 and 3.

 




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Copyright © 2007 by the American College of Cardiology Foundation.