Coronary Artery Calcification and Changes in Atheroma Burden in Response to Established Medical Therapies
Stephen J. Nicholls, MBBS, PhD, FRACP, FACC*, , ,*,a,
E. Murat Tuzcu, MD, FACC*,b,
Kathy Wolski, MPH*,
Ilke Sipahi, MD*,c,
Paul Schoenhagen, MD*, ,
Timothy Crowe, BS*,
Samir R. Kapadia, MD, FACC*,
Stanley L. Hazen, MD, PhD*,,,d and
Steven E. Nissen, MD, FACC*,e
* Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
Department of Cell Biology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
Center for Cardiovascular Diagnostics and Prevention, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
Division of Radiology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio.
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Figure 1 Baseline Calcification and Arterial Remodeling
Percentage of subjects with a baseline calcium < median (solid bars) or  median (open bars) who showed constrictive or expansive remodeling at the site containing the greatest amount of plaque. *p < 0.05 for comparison between groups.
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Figure 2 Baseline Calcification and Substantial Change in Atheroma Burden
Mean baseline calcium index in subjects stratified according to degree of relative change in percentage atheroma volume (top) and mean ± 95% confidence interval baseline calcium index in subjects stratified according to whether they underwent substantial change (at least 5% change in percentage atheroma volume) or no substantial change (bottom). *p < 0.001 for comparison between groups.
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Figure 3 Baseline Calcification and Substantial Change in Atheroma Burden With Risk Factor Modification
Percentage of subjects with a baseline calcium index < median (solid bars) or median (open bars) who underwent substantial change in percentage atheroma volume stratified according to degree of modification of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, systolic blood pressure (SBP), or C-reactive protein (CRP). *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, and ***p < 0.001 for comparison between groups.
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