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J Am Coll Cardiol, 2007; 49:1851-1859, doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2007.01.072 (Published online 20 April 2007).
© 2007 by the American College of Cardiology Foundation
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Management and Outcome of Permanent Pacemaker and Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator Infections

Muhammad R. Sohail, MD*,*,1, Daniel Z. Uslan, MD*,3, Akbar H. Khan, MD{ddagger},2, Paul A. Friedman, MD{dagger}, David L. Hayes, MD{dagger}, Walter R. Wilson, MD*, James M. Steckelberg, MD*, Sarah Stoner, MS§ and Larry M. Baddour, MD*

* Division of Infectious Diseases, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota.
{dagger} Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota.
{ddagger} Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota.
§ Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota.


Figure 1
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  		Figure 1 Microbiology of PPM/ICD Infections (n = 189)

ICD = implantable cardioverter-defibrillator; PPM = permanent pacemaker.

 

Figure 2
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  		Figure 2 Timing of Reimplantation of New Cardiac Device and Duration of Postexplantation Antibiotic Treatment

Blue bars = time from explant to reimplant; red bars = post-explant antibiotic duration. CoNS = coagulase-negative staphylococci; other abbreviations as in Figure 1.

 

Figure 3
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  		Figure 3 Mayo Clinic Algorithm of Cardiac Device Infection Management

(A) Approach to management of adults with PPM/ICD infection (also see Table 4). This algorithm applies only to the patients with complete device explantation. *Duration of antibiotics should be counted from the day of device explantation. (B) Guidelines for reimplantation of new device in patients with PPM/ICD infection (see also Table 4). AHA = American Heart Association; TEE = transesophageal echocardiography; other abbreviations as in Figure 1.

 




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Copyright © 2007 by the American College of Cardiology Foundation.