Heart Rate Response During Exercise Predicts Survival in Adults With Congenital Heart Disease
Gerhard-Paul Diller, MD*,
,
Konstantinos Dimopoulos, MD*,1,
Darlington Okonko, BSc, MRCP
,1,
Anselm Uebing, MD*,
Craig S. Broberg, MD*,1,
Sonya Babu-Narayan, MRCP*,1,
Stephanie Bayne, BSc*,
Philip A. Poole-Wilson, MD, FRCP
,
Richard Sutton, DScMed
,
Darrel P. Francis, MA, MRCP
,1 and
Michael A. Gatzoulis, MD, PhD*,*
* Adult Congenital Heart Program, Department of Cardiology, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Department of Clinical Cardiology, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College School of Medicine, London, United Kingdom
Department of Pacing, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, United Kingdom
International Center for Circulatory Health, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom

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Figure 1 Kaplan-Meier estimates of death from any cause among adult congenital heart disease patients stratified by quartiles of heart rate reserve (HRR).
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Figure 2 Increase in heart rate during exercise (heart rate reserve) (A) and decrease in heart rate at the end of exercise (heart rate recovery) (B) in surviving and nonsurviving patients. Error bars indicate 95% confidence intervals.
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Copyright © 2006 by the American College of Cardiology Foundation.