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Prognosis of "Masked" Hypertension and "White-Coat" Hypertension Detected by 24-h Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring

10-Year Follow-Up From the Ohasama Study

Takayoshi Ohkubo, MD, PhD^_*,,||,_*, Masahiro Kikuya, MD, PhD^_*,, Hirohito Metoki, MD^,,||, Kei Asayama, MD^,,||, Taku Obara, MS^,, Junichiro Hashimoto, MD, PhD^_*,,||, Kazuhito Totsune, MD, PhD^,,||, Haruhisa Hoshi, MD, PhD^¶, Hiroshi Satoh, MD, PhD^,,|| and Yutaka Imai, MD, PhD^,,||

^_* Department of Planning for Drug Development and Clinical Evaluation, Sendai
Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Sendai
Department of Environmental Health Science, Sendai
Tohoku University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science and Medicine, Sendai
^|| Tohoku University 21st Century COE Program "Comprehensive Research and Education Center for Planning of Drug Development and Clinical Evaluation," Sendai
^¶ Ohasama Hospital, Iwate, Japan

View larger version (23K): [in a new window]   Figure 1 Relative hazards (RH) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of sustained normal blood pressure (SNBP), white-coat hypertension (WCHT), masked hypertension (MHT), and sustained hypertension (SHT) for cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality, stroke morbidity, and the composite of CVD mortality/stroke morbidity. Numbers inside bars indicate 95% CI. The SNBP group was treated as the reference category.

View larger version (20K): [in a new window]   Figure 2 Relative hazards (RH) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of sustained normal blood pressure (SNBP), white-coat hypertension (WCHT), masked hypertension (MHT), and sustained hypertension (SHT) for risk of the composite of cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality/stroke morbidity by gender. Numbers inside bars indicate 95% CI. The SNBP group was treated as the reference category.

View larger version (22K): [in a new window]   Figure 3 Relative hazards (RH) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of sustained normal blood pressure (SNBP), white-coat hypertension (WCHT), masked hypertension (MHT), and sustained hypertension (SHT) for risk of the composite of cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality/stroke morbidity by use of antihypertensive treatment. Treated subjects, subjects treated using antihypertensive medication; Untreated subjects, subjects not treated using antihypertensive medication. Numbers inside bars indicate 95% CI. The SNBP group was treated as the reference category.

View larger version (22K): [in a new window]   Figure 4 Relative hazards (RH) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of sustained normal blood pressure (SNBP), white-coat hypertension (WCHT), masked hypertension (MHT), and sustained hypertension (SHT) for risk of the composite of cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality/stroke morbidity by CVD risk profile. Low-risk group, patients without history of CVD or diabetes and with no risk factors; Middle-risk group, patients without history of CVD or diabetes but with one to two risk factors; High-risk group, patients with history of CVD or diabetes or with three risk factors. Numbers inside bars indicate 95% CI. The SNBP group was treated as the reference category.