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Resynchronization Therapy in Pediatric and Congenital Heart Disease Patients

An International MultiCenter Study

Anne M. Dubin, MD, FACC^_*,_*, Jan Janousek, MD, Edward Rhee, MD, FACC, Margaret J. Strieper, DO, FACC, Frank Cecchin, MD, FACC^||, Ian H. Law, MD^¶, Kevin M. Shannon, MD^#, Joel Temple, MD, FACC^_**, Eric Rosenthal, MD, Frank J. Zimmerman, MD, Andrew Davis, MD, Peter P. Karpawich, MD, FACC^||||, Amin Al Ahmad, MD^¶¶, Victoria L. Vetter, MD, FACC^##, Naomi J. Kertesz, MD, FACC^_***, Maully Shah, MD, Christopher Snyder, MD, Elizabeth Stephenson, MD, FACC, Mathias Emmel, MD^||||||, Shubhayan Sanatani, MD^¶¶¶, Ronald Kanter, MD, FACC^###, Anjan Batra, MD^_**** and Kathryn K. Collins, MD, FACC

^_* Lucile Packard Children’s Hospital, Palo Alto, California
University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
St. Louis Children’s Hospital, St. Louis, Missouri
Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, Georgia
^|| Children’s Hospital Boston, Boston, Massachusetts
^¶ Children’s Hospital of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
^# Mattel Children’s Hospital, Los Angeles, California
^_** Arkansas Children’s Hospital, Little Rock, Arkansas
Guy’s Hospital, London, United Kingdom
University of Chicago Children’s Hospital, Chicago, Illinois
Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
^|||| Children’s Hospital of Michigan, Detroit, Michigan
^¶¶ Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto, California
^## Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
^_*** Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, Texas
Seattle Children’s Hospital, Seattle, Washington
Yale-New Haven Children’s Hospital, New Haven, Connecticut
Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
^{|| || ||} University of Cologne Medical Center, Cologne, Germany
^¶¶¶ British Columbia Children’s Hospital, Vancouver, Canada
^### Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
^_**** Riley Children’s Hospital, Indianapolis, Indiana
UCSF Children’s Hospital, San Francisco, California

View larger version (15K): [in a new window]   Figure 1 Histogram of age distribution of patients who received cardiac resynchronization therapy therapy.

View larger version (94K): [in a new window]   Figure 2 (A) Chest film of a patient with an epicardial biventricular pacing system. (B) Chest film of a patient who required a mixed biventricular pacing system. The left ventricular lead was placed epicardially and tunneled to the generator, whereas the implantable cardioverter-defibrillator lead and atrial lead were placed transvenously.