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Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor as a risk factor for the development of anemia, and the impact of incident anemia on mortality in patients with left ventricular dysfunction

Areef Ishani, MD^*,*, Eric Weinhandl, MS, Zihong Zhao, MS, David T. Gilbertson, PhD, Allan J. Collins, MD^,, Salim Yusuf, MD and Charles A. Herzog, MD^,

^* Section of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Minneapolis VAMC and the University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
Minneapolis Medical Research Foundation, Minneapolis, Minnesota
Divisions of Nephrology and Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Hennepin County Medical Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
Division of Cardiology, and Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University and Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, Canada

View larger version (25K): [in a new window]   Figure 1 Patient flow diagram.

View larger version (24K): [in a new window]   Figure 2 Mean hematocrit and 95% confidence interval around mean at each follow-up observation among those assigned either to enalapril or to placebo.

View larger version (28K): [in a new window]   Figure 3 Cumulative distribution of hematocrit at baseline and at one year among all Studies Of Left Ventricular Dysfunction participants; among those without prevalent anemia at baseline; and among those with prevalent anemia at baseline. The p values are displayed for the Wilcoxon test of equal distributions among those assigned either to enalapril or to placebo.