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Is the Association Between Flow-Mediated Dilation and Cardiovascular Risk Limited to Low-Risk Populations?

Daniel R. Witte, MD, PhD^_*, Jan Westerink, MD, Eelco J. de Koning, MD, PhD^,, Yolanda van der Graaf, MD, PhD^_*, Diederick E. Grobbee, MD, PhD^_* and Michiel L. Bots, MD, PhD^_*,_*

^_* Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Vascular Medicine, Diabetes and Endocrinology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Nephrology, Leids University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands

View larger version (22K): [in a new window]   Figure 1 Plot of the mean flow-mediated dilation (FMD) of the brachial artery by mean Framingham risk estimate for each of the study populations. Line is the Lowess regression line. Points are weighted according to the inverse variance of FMD for each study [1/SE (FMD)2]. Tertiles of Framingham risk cutoff points were 2.8% and 9.5%.

View larger version (13K): [in a new window]   Figure 2 The association between Framingham risk and flow-mediated dilation (FMD) of the brachial artery within tertiles of Framingham risk, with 95% confidence intervals.