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Enhanced T-Helper-1 Lymphocyte Activation Patterns in Acute Coronary Syndromes

Heiko Methe, MD^_*,,_*, Stefan Brunner^_*, Daniela Wiegand^_*, Michael Nabauer, MD^_*, Joerg Koglin, MD^_* and Elazer R. Edelman, MD, PhD

^_* Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, and the Cardiovascular Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts

View larger version (14K): [in a new window]   Figure 1 Frequency of interferon (IFN)-+/CD3+ T cells in relationship to diameter of stenosis and to markers of myocardial damage. Results are shown as mean values ± SD or as median and range. Closed squares = IFN-/CD3+ cells; closed circles = diameter stensosis (DS); open diamonds = creatine kinase (CK); open trianges = troponin I. SA = stable angina pectoris; STEMI = ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction; UA = unstable angina pectoris; UH = unheralded myocardial infarction.

View larger version (40K): [in a new window]   Figure 2 Representative plots from a control patient (A) and a patient with stable angina pectoris (B), acute coronary syndrome (C), and unheralded myocardial infarction (D). Ten thousand CD3+ cells were gated and analyzed for expression of interferon (IFN)- or interleukin (IL)-4. Each dot represents a CD3+ T cell. Numbers represent the percentage of cells in the quadrants, respectively.

View larger version (17K): [in a new window]   Figure 3 Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from control patients and from patients with stable angina pectoris (SA), unstable angina pectoris (UA), ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), and unheralded myocardial infarction (UH) were immunostained with antibodies against CD3 and interferon (IFN)- and analyzed by flow cytometry. Symbols = individual data; dashed lines = mean values ± SD.

View larger version (52K): [in a new window]   Figure 4 (A) Representative examples of reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction amplification products of each group. 1, control; 2, stable angina; 3, unstable angina; 4, ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction; 5, unheralded myocardial infarction. (B) Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction amplification was normalized against glyseraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and is presented as mean corrected transcript levels ± SD in relative units (RU) of duplicate analysis of all patients in each group.*p < 0.002 vs. control, SA, and UH; p < 0.05 vs. control patients. GAPDH = glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; IFN = interferon; IL = interleukin; SA = stable angina pectoris; STAT = signal transducer and activator of transcription; STEMI = ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction; UA = unstable angina pectoris; UH = unheralded myocardial infarction.

View larger version (17K): [in a new window]   Figure 5 Spearman correlation of frequencies of circulating interferon (IFN)-+/CD3+ T cells and mRNA transcript levels of IFN- (A) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 4 (B). Area of the density ellipse represents the 95% confidence interval. RU = relative units; STAT = signal transducer and activator of transcription.