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J Am Coll Cardiol, 2005; 45:54-61, doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2004.06.079
© 2005 by the American College of Cardiology Foundation
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Apparently normal mitral valves in patients with heart failure demonstrate biochemical and structural derangements

An extracellular matrix and echocardiographic study

K. Jane Grande-Allen, PhD*,*, Allen G. Borowski, RDCS{dagger}, Richard W. Troughton, MB ChB, PhD, FRACP{dagger}, Penny L. Houghtaling, MS{ddagger}, Nicholas R. DiPaola, PhD{dagger},§, Christine S. Moravec, PhD{dagger},§, Ivan Vesely, PhD|| and Brian P. Griffin, MD, FACC{dagger}

* Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas
{dagger} Cardiovascular Medicine
{ddagger} Biostatistics
§ Kaufman Center for Heart Failure
|| Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio



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  		Figure 1 The extracellular matrix concentrations in control (white bars) and congestive heart failure (CHF) (black bars) mitral valves: (a) deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), (b) collagen, (c) glycosaminoglycan (GAG), (d) water. The p values indicate difference versus control valves.

 


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  		Figure 2 Significant or slight differences in extracellular matrix concentrations between control (white bars), dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) (lined bars), and/or ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM) (checkered bars) groups (diagnostic subgroups for congestive heart failure): (a) deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), (b) collagen, (c) glycosaminoglycan (GAG), (d) water. The p values indicate difference versus control group.

 


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  		Figure 3 The extracellular matrix data segregated according to absence or presence of normal anterior leaflet redundancy. GAGs = glycosaminoglycans.

 


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  		Figure 4 Proposed mechanism for secondary valvular remodeling. GAGs = glycosaminoglycans; MR = mitral regurgitation.

 




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Copyright © 2005 by the American College of Cardiology Foundation.