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The diagnosis of heart failure in the community

Comparative validation of four sets of criteria in unselected older adults: the ICARe Dicomano Study

Mauro Di Bari, MD, PhD^*,,*, Claudia Pozzi, MD^*, Maria Chiara Cavallini, MD, PhD^*,, Francesca Innocenti, MD^*,, Giorgio Baldereschi, MD^*,, Walter De Alfieri, MD, Enrico Antonini, MS^*, Riccardo Pini, MD, FACC^*,, Giulio Masotti, MD^*, and Niccolò Marchionni, MD^*,

^* Department of Critical Care Medicine and Surgery, Unit of Gerontology and Geriatrics, University of Florence
Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, Florence, Italy
Unit of Geriatrics, Grosseto, Italy

View larger version (16K): [in a new window]   Figure 1 Agreement between pairs of diagnostic criteria for heart failure (HF). ESC = European Society of Cardiology.

View larger version (37K): [in a new window]   Figure 2 Left ventricular mass index (LVMI) (A), ejection fraction (LVEF) (B), and left atrium systolic dimension (LASD) (C) were compared between participants with and without heart failure (HF) according to different criteria. Data are least square means, adjusted for age and gender. is the difference between non-HF and HF participants. Open bars = non-HF; closed bars = HF. ESC = European Society of Cardiology; SEM = standard error of the mean.

View larger version (37K): [in a new window]   Figure 3 Number of items with self-reported lower extremity mobility difficulty (LEMD) (A), lower extremity function summary performance score (SPS) (B), and distance walked in 6 min (6MWT) (C) compared between participants with and without heart failure (HF) according to different criteria. Data are least square means, adjusted for age, gender, Mini Mental State Examination, Geriatric Depression Scale, and Index of Coexisting Diseases. Open bars = non-HF; closed bars = HF. ESC = European Society of Cardiology; SEM = standard error of the mean.

View larger version (33K): [in a new window]   Figure 4 Cardiovascular mortality compared between participants with and without heart failure (HF) according to different criteria. Cox's proportional hazard survival models, adjusted for age, gender, Mini Mental State Examination, Geriatric Depression Scale, and Index of Coexisting Diseases. CI = confidence interval; CV = cardiovascular; ESC = European Society of Cardiology; HR = hazard ratio.