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The association among renal insufficiency, pharmacotherapy, and outcomes in 6,427 patients with heart failure and coronary artery disease

Justin Ezekowitz, MB, BCh, MSc^*, Finlay A. McAlister, MD, MSc^,*, Karin H. Humphries, MBA, DSc, Colleen M. Norris, PhD, Marcello Tonelli, MD, MSc^||, William A. Ghali, MD, MPH^¶, Merril L. Knudtson, MD^# APPROACH Investigators

^* Division of Cardiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
Division of General Internal Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
^|| Division of Nephrology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
Division of Cardiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
Faculty of Nursing, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
^¶ Division of General Internal Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
^# Division of Cardiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada

View larger version (20K): [in a new window]   Figure 1 Crude one-year mortality rates in 3,914 patients with cardiologistassigned diagnosis of heart failure, coronary artery disease proven by angiography, and creatinine clearance 60 ml/min. p values are for each pairwise comparison (i.e., crude mortality rates in users vs. nonusers for each of the medications of interest). White bars = user; black bars = nonuser. ACE = angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; ASA = aspirin.

View larger version (22K): [in a new window]   Figure 2 Crude one-year mortality rates in 2,513 patients with cardiologistassigned diagnosis of heart failure, coronary artery disease proven by angiography, and creatinine clearance <60 ml/min. The p values are for each pairwise comparison (i.e., crude mortality rates in users vs. nonusers for each of the medications of interest). White bars = user; black bars = nonuser. Abbreviations as in Figure 1.