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Ultrasound energy improves myocardial perfusion in the presence of coronary occlusion

Robert J. Siegel, MD, FACC^*,*, Valentina N. Suchkova, MD, Takashi Miyamoto, MD^*, Huai Luo, MD^*, Raymond B. Baggs, DVM, PhD, Yoram Neuman, MD^*, Michael Horzewski, BS^*, Veijo Suorsa, PhD^*, Sergio Kobal, MD^*, Todd Thompson, BS^*, Debra Echt, MD^* and Charles W. Francis, MD

^* Division of Cardiology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
Hematology/Oncology Unit, Department of Medicine
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine, Rochester, New York

View larger version (31K): [in a new window]   Figure 1 (A) The experimental protocol. The tissue perfusion unit (TPU), pH, and temperature were serially measured at baseline, 30 and 60 min after coronary occlusion, after 30 and 60 min of exposure, 30 min after ultrasound (US) was stopped, and 15 min after opening the coronary artery by release of the vascular loop. (B) Schematic shows the method of coronary occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) diagonal (D) branch and site of ultrasound application, as well as TPU, pH, and temperature measurement. USD = ultrasound.

View larger version (45K): [in a new window]   Figure 2 The myocardial tissue perfusion unit (TPU) (A and C) and pH (B and D) are shown at baseline, 30 and 60 min after coronary occlusion, 30 and 60 min of ultrasound exposure, 30 min after stopping ultrasound, and 15 min after opening the coronary artery. Panels A and B are combined data from eight dogs and four pigs. The hashed lines demonstrate the results when the animal (three dogs) was pretreated with L-NAME. C and D show the data for each species (dogs and pigs). The thin line indicates dog data, and the thick line is for pig data. *p < 0.05 for 60-min occlusion versus during ultrasound at 30 or 60 min and after opening the coronary artery.

View larger version (114K): [in a new window]   Figure 3 Sections of canine left ventricular myocardium: (a) not exposed to ultrasound; (b) exposed to 60-min ultrasound; and (c) from a dog pretreated with L-NAME and then exposed to 60-min ultrasound. Note the size (circumference) of the capillaries (arrows) is larger in the area exposed to ultrasound (b) than in the control (a) and the dog pretreated with L-NAME (c). Bar = 50 µ; hematoxylin-eosin stain. C = capillary.