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Predictors of the onset of depressive symptoms in patients with heart failure

Edward P. Havranek, MD, FACC^*,,*, John A. Spertus, MD, MPH, FACC, Frederick A. Masoudi, MD, MSPH, FACC^*,, Philip G. Jones, MS and John S. Rumsfeld, MD, PhD, FACC^*,

^* University of Colorado Health Sciences Center
Denver Health Medical Center, Denver, Colorado
Mid-America Heart Institute and University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri
Denver Veterans Administration Medical Center, Denver, Colorado

View larger version (13K): [in a new window]   Figure 1 Incidence of depressive symptoms at one year by baseline Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire (KCCQ) score.

View larger version (11K): [in a new window]   Figure 2 Incidence of depressive symptoms by number of risk factors. The risk factors are the four significant predictors from the multivariable logistic regression model (living alone, significant economic present associated with the costs of medical care, alcohol abuse, and overall Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire score <50). No patient had all four risk factors.