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The influence of age, gender, and race on the prevalence of depression in heart failure patients

Stephen S. Gottlieb, MD, FACC^*,*, Meenakshi Khatta, RN, CRNP^*, Erika Friedmann, PhD, Lynn Einbinder, MD^*, Scott Katzen, MD^*, Brian Baker, BA^*, Joanne Marshall, RN^*, Stacey Minshall, RN^*, Shawn Robinson, MD, FACC^*, Michael L. Fisher, MD, FACC^*, Matthew Potenza, BA^*, Brianne Sigler, BA^*, Carissa Baldwin, BA^* and Sue Ann Thomas, RN, PhD, FAAN

^* Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
University of Maryland School of Nursing, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
Brooklyn College, Brooklyn, New York, USA
Baltimore Veterans Administration Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland, USA

View larger version (19K): [in a new window]   Figure 1 The relationship between extent of depression, as measured by the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and the severity of functional limitations, as measured by the Minnesota Living With Heart Failure Questionnaire, in 155 patients with chronic heart failure. r = 0.64, p < 0.001.

View larger version (16K): [in a new window]   Figure 2 Distribution of scores on the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) in 155 patients with chronic heart failure.