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Effect of tumor necrosis Factor-Alphaon endothelial and inducible nitric oxidesynthase messenger ribonucleic acidexpression and nitric oxide synthesisin ischemic and nonischemic isolated rat heart

Yosef Paz, MD^*, Inna Frolkis, MD, PhD^*,*, Dimitri Pevni, MD^*, Itzhak Shapira, MD^*, Yael Yuhas, PhD, Adrian Iaina, MD, Yoram Wollman, PhD, Tamara Chernichovski, MSc, Nahum Nesher, MD^*, Chaim Locker, MD^*, Rephael Mohr, MD^* and Gideon Uretzky, MD^*

^* Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
Department of Nephrology, Tel-Aviv Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Petah-Tikva, Israel

View larger version (19K): [in a new window]   Figure 1 Effects of global cardioplegic ischemia on myocardial tumor necrosis factor- (TNF-) (A), endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) (B), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) (C) mRNA expression: relative optical densities of polymerase chain reaction signals. Data were normalized to the glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) polymerase chain reaction signal. Shown are samples of left ventricular myocardium withdrawn at the end of stabilization [1], after ischemia [2], after ischemia with anti-TNF- antibodies in the cardioplegia [3], and after 90 min of normal nonischemic perfusion [4].

View larger version (17K): [in a new window]   Figure 2 Effect of exogenous tumor necrosis factor- on hemodynamic performance of isolated rat hearts during 1 h of perfusion: control group (open circles) and hearts treated with tumor necrosis factor- (black circles), p < 0.0001 (analysis of variance) for all measurements vs. control.

View larger version (28K): [in a new window]   Figure 3 Effect of exogenous tumor necrosis factor- on myocardial endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) (A) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) (B) messenger ribonucleic acid expression: relative optical densities of polymerase chain reaction signals. Data were normalized to glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) polymerase chain reaction signal. Samples of left ventricular myocardium withdrawn at the end of stabilization [1], after 1-h perfusion with normal Krebs-Henseleit solution [2], and after 1 h of perfusion with tumor necrosis factor- [3].