Determinants of target vessel failure in chronic total coronary occlusions after stent implantation
The influence of collateral function and coronary hemodynamics
Gerald S. Werner, MD, FACC*,*,
Philipp Bahrmann, MD*,
Oliver Mutschke, MD*,
Ulf Emig, MD*,
Stefan Betge, MD*,
Markus Ferrari, MD* and
Hans R. Figulla, MD*
* Clinic for Internal Medicine III, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Jena, Germany
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Figure 1 Difference in stent length among patients with and without target vessel failure (TVF) after recanalization of a chronic total coronary occlusion. Individual data points and mean ± SD are shown. The p values represent the post-hoc analysis of the analysis of variance (p = 0.006).
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Figure 2 The difference in recurrence rate after recanalization of chronic total coronary occlusions depending on the number of implanted stents. The relative distribution is shown; the numbers indicate the absolute number of patients. Chi-squared test for the difference between groups: p = 0.037. TVF= target vessel failure.
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Figure 3 Collateral pressure index before (baseline) (A) and after (recruitable) (B) recanalization of a chronic total coronary occlusion with no significant difference between groups. Individual data points and mean ± SD. ANOVA = analysis of variance; TVF = target vessel failure.
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Figure 4 Coronary flow velocity reserve (CFVR) (A) and fractional flow reserve (FFR) (B) among patients with and without target vessel failure (TVF) after recanalization of a chronic total coronary occlusion. Individual data points and mean ± SD are shown. The p values represent the analysis of variance (ANOVA) result for CFVR and the post-hoc analysis of the ANOVA for FFR (p = 0.027).
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Figure 5 Global (A) and regional (B) left ventricular (LV) function before recanalization and at follow-up in patients with and without target vessel failure (TVF). There were no differences at baseline, with improvement during follow-up in all patients except those with reocclusion. p values for paired t test. Open bars = baseline; hatched bars = follow-up.
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