External counterpulsation therapy improves endothelial function in patients with refractory angina pectoris
Michael Shechter, MD, MA, FACC*,*,
Shlomi Matetzky, MD*,
Micha S. Feinberg, MD*,
Pierre Chouraqui, MD, FACC*,
Zeev Rotstein, MD* and
Hanoch Hod, MD, FACC*
* Heart Institute, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel

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Figure 1 The percent change in endothelium-dependent brachial artery flow-mediated vasodilation (%FMD) from baseline in external counterpulsation (ECP) (closed circles) (n = 20) and control (open circles) (n = 20) groups at baseline and after two months.
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Figure 2 Bar graphs showing the beneficial effects of short-term external counterpulsation (ECP) before (open bars) and after (closed bars) two months of treatment on (A) mean Canadian Cardiovascular Society (CCS) angina class, and (B) mean number of daily sublingual nitroglycerin tablets consumed in the ECP group (n = 20), compared with no significant change in the control group (n = 20) (C and D). Data are expressed as mean ± SD.
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